Recapture ("Robin Hood")
In the vast landscape of Texas public education, a significant and often-debated topic is the concept of recapture, also known as "Robin Hood." Each year, a substantial sum is dedicated to this process, wherein wealthier school districts share their property tax revenues with less affluent counterparts. This redistribution is a vital component of the state's school funding system.
The calculation of recapture is based on how much “excess” property tax revenue a district collects that exceeds its per-student amount (allocation) to which the state funding formula says the district is entitled to.
Annually, a staggering amount of funds, nearly $5 billion dollars, are contributed to recapture by property-rich school districts. These funds are then allocated to less economically advantaged districts. Over the last 10 years, the amount of money that the state removes from school districts through recapture has almost tripled.
As of the most recent data available, a substantial number of school districts, typically around a hundred or more, are still required to pay into recapture. The exact figures may vary from year to year, reflecting shifts in the economic landscape and changing demographics within the state.
The recapture system in Texas remains a subject of ongoing debate and reform efforts as policymakers strive to strike a balance between equitable education funding and the financial sustainability of school districts across the state.